EFFECT OF USING SOCIAL MEDIA ON THE ACADEMIC PERFORMANCE OF NURSING COLLEGE STUDENTS

Dr. Wathiq Faraon1, Afkar Fadhil Kareem2 , Sundss Baqer Dawood3 ,Luaay abdulwahid shihab4, Muslim Shahid Kayim5, Jafar Hassan Dakhel6

1 Instructor department of basic science – college of nursing – university of Basrah- Basrah – iraq

Wathiq.Faraon@uobasrah.edu.iq

2 Teacher in college of Nursing, University of Basrah, Basrah, Iraq

afkar.kareem@uobasrah.edu.iq

3 Assistant Professor in Nursing College, Basra University, Basra, Iraq.

Sundss.baqer@uobasrah.edu.iq

4 Assistant Professor in College of Nursing, University of Basrah, Basrah, Iraq.

luaay.abdulwahid@uobasrah.edu.iq

HNSJ, 2024, 5(12); https://doi.org/10.53796/hnsj512/17

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Published at 01/12/2024 Accepted at 05/11/2024

Citation Methods




Abstract

Background The study was conducted for this research to study the impact of social networking on university students and the use of these sites. The study was applied to a number of 200 students from the College of Nursing, University of Basra, who were selected randomly. The research relied on analytical description and used samples to collect data.

Methodology : The search is determined by the following parameters:

1 Human Limits The research was limited to a sample of second, third and fourth stage students at the College of Nursing, Basra University.

2 Spatial boundaries: This research was applied in the College of Nursing.

Result: The study was conducted for this research to study the impact of social networking on university students and the use of these sites. was applied to a number of 200 students from the College of Nursing the number of morning students, which were 118 male and female students, and their percentage was 59%. The number of evening students, which was 82 male and female students, and their percentage was 41%. The table shows the ratio of females to males, and the male percentage was 33%, and the female percentage was 67%. The table shows the percentage of married people, and their percentage was 17.5. % compared to the percentage of unmarried people: 82.5% The number of students who used social networking was 195 male and female students, and the number of students who did not use it was 5 .

Conclusion: The ease of communication and acquaintance between individuals from different societies despite the distance, and the person’s expression of himself and his desires, interests, ideas and ambitions, as well as the rapid circulation of information and events at the same time across the world. Therefore, the person must set strict and strict rules to reduce the amount of time he spends on social networking sites.

Recommendations: 1 Conducting experimental studies to prepare positive social behavior for young students in using social networking sites

2 Urging researchers in the educational field to conduct more similar studies to raise cultural awareness and spread cultural awareness

1.1 Introduction:

Social media have become an important aspect of people’s everyday life. Despite the popularity of social media networks and applications, only few educators utilize them to improve teaching and learning (1) . Institutions of higher learning must formulate guidelines that will govern appropriate social media use so that novel teaching modalities can be safely explored. Students must be educated by faculty regarding the standards of conduct and privacy considerations related to social media. The National Council of State Boards of Nursing has issued the White Paper: A Nurse’s Guide to the Use of Social Media, (2) . Such an evolution may not be surprising. After all, the Internet started out as nothing more than a giant Bulletin Board System (BBS) that allowed users to exchange software, data, messages, and news witheach other. The late 1990s saw a popularity surge in homepages, whereby the Average Joe could share information about his private life; today’s equivalent would be the weblog, or blog. The era of corporate web pages and e-commerce started relatively recently with the launch of Amazon and eBay in 1995, and got a right ticking-off only 6 years later when the dot-com bubble burst in 2001. The current trend toward Social Media can therefore be seen as an evolution back to the Internet’s roots, since it retransforms the World Wide Web to what it was initially created for: a platform to facilitate information exchange between users. But does that mean that Social Media is just old wine in new bottles? Probably not! As we will delve into further, the technical advances that have been made over the past 20 years now enable a form of virtual content sharing that is fundamentally different from, and more powerful than, the BBS of the late 1970s (3).

cellular Wi-Fi devices that made it easier to access the Internet while on the move. With all of these technological improvements, one would expect that within the same time frame, mobile teaching and learning would also grow by leaps and bounds. Yet, as with all educational innovation, wide-scale adoption has been very slow and not yet fully realized. This article analyzes the Mobile Learning Readiness Survey results from 2007 and 2011; examines the advancements that have been made in mobile (4).

In considering the advancements in technology and the generational characteristics of college students today, students have become accustomed to accessing information immediately through utilizing the internet and social media. Most college students have smartphones or other wireless devices, that allow them to update their statuses, post a tweet, or even post a selfie as they walk to and from class. Some professors have even incorporated social media into their courses, while others stress in their syllabus that cell phones should be powered off during class. The shorthand of texting can be found in correspondences of students, faculty, and staff. While attending an academic or athletic event, many students are so consumed in the virtual world of social media, they are unaware and seem disengaged from what is occurring in the real world, right in front them. Another instance of observation is when students are seated with peers, or close friends, yet those students are on their phones instead of interacting with those who are physically present (5).

Data analysis using Qualitative Data Analysis Software (MAXQDA) was used to identify the reasons for academic probation. Once the reasons had been identified, existing tools were improved and new tools were developed. After the implementation of various intervention measures such as promoting career summits, setting up a web portal, informing the administration of the university of the importance and necessity of creating open areas, the results were analyses (6).

suggests that YouTube acts as a filter that users can manipulate in order to adjust their comfortable level of connectedness with other users. This filter can also manipulate certain aspects of their connectedness by either revealing or not revealing their identities, or limiting access to their videos. A key difference between Facebook and YouTube is

that while the former is based on personal connections, the latter is driven by connections based on commonalities or shared interests (7).

use of social media applications has become a widespread phenomenon among all age groups. This appears more widely the case among teenagers and young adults. Within these categories are found students in tertiary institutions like Alvan Ikoku Federal College of Education, Owerri, Nigeria. Social media has been defined as ‘a collection of internet websites, services and practices that support collaboration, community building, participation and sharing’. It has attracted the interest of different people including educators who desire to engage their students (8).

Nursing is a profession that involves transferring of information to the patients and improving public health. Therefore a nurse should have the latest and updated information that how the social media can be utilized to achieve these ends. Social media ranges from LinkedIn, YouTube, WhatsApp, Tweeter and Facebook and its use by innovative nursing professionals has debatable advantages and disadvantages. Social media is definitely making an impact on the professional life of nursing students and this impact is going to make enduring changes in the habits of nursing students and ultimately the nursing practitioners and nursing researchers (9).

We all recognize this saying but few understand the empowering role social media has played. Through social media, anyone online is empowered by an unrestricted flow of information to add to their knowledge bank. In today’s world, it is undeniable that social media plays an important role in impacting our culture, our economy and our overall view of the world. Social media is a new forum that brings people to exchange idea, connect with, relate to, and mobilize for a cause, seek advice, and offer guidance. Social media has removed communication barriers and created decentralized communication channel and open the door for all to have a voice and participate in a democratic fashion including people in repressive countries. This media outlet accommodates a wide variety spontaneous (12). Knowledge is power. We all recognize this saying but few understand the empowering role social media has played. Through social media, anyone online is empowered by an unrestricted flow of information to add to their knowledge bank. In today’s world, it is undeniable that social media plays an important role in impacting our culture, our economy and our overall view of the World (13). Found that while game addiction leads to negative academic performance, moderate engagement in gaming can lead to improved performance in an academic setting. This is of great significance to adolescents, as using effective social interactions is essential for behavioral, emotional adaption and successful functioning. Children and adolescent socialization ability improve their communication skills and makes them more receptive to social influence, and grow better with good communication skills (23) .

1.2 Objectives of the study

1. To determine the level of exposure of students of University of Ghana to social media

sites

2. To ascertain what students of University of Ghana use social media for

3. To ascertain how the use of social media has influenced the academic work of students of University of Ghana.

1.3 Statement of the problem

The internet is today the most important source of information and the growing dimensions of the use of social media by students cannot be underestimated. It has been observed that students devote more attention and time to social media than they do for their studies and they cannot pass their examinations well if they do not learn (14). Also, the study conducted by (15), revealed that media use contribute to lower academic performance, low self perceptions and less interest in college oriented carriers. Academic excellence plays an important role in an individual’s life; be it in the family, at social gatherings, at workplace, in an institution or even among peers. Much emphasis is placed on academic excellence because of the role it plays in an individual’s life as far as a successful life and respect is concerned in every part of the world. Due to this, many people are concerned with the ways that they can improve their academic performance (16). Studies have also revealed that social media affects students’ use of English. They tend to use short- handwriting to chat with friends and get used to it thereby replicating the same errors during examinations (17).

Today students at all levels especially tertiary level have been engaged in the use of social networking sites (SNSs). This research therefore seeks to investigate the level of engagement of students of the University of Ghana into social networking sites and also determine the effect of their use on the academic work.

1.4 Defining of the term

Social media is computer-mediated tools that allow student to create, share and exchange the information, ideas, pictures, videos for virtual communities and learners. The issue of using the social media in the classroom has been a controversial topic for several years. Many parents and educators have been fearful of the repercussions of having the social media in the classroom. Social media is growing rapidly throughout the world. More adults and teenagers are joining sites such as Facebook, MySpace, Skype, WhatsApp and Twitter to interact with friends, family, and strangers. Social networking sites also enable community involvement in locating expertise, sharing content and collaborating to build content, and allow knowledge workers to extend the range and scope of their professional relationships. Social media networking allows researchers to draw from a social network of information and people outside of their traditional circle of friends. ResearchGate is an example of social networking platform for researchers. Social networking helps teachers promote reflective analysis and the emergence of a learning community that goes beyond the institutional walls. Facebook website of a teacher disclosed large amounts of information, anticipated higher levels of motivation and affective learning, indicating positive attitudes toward the course and the teacher. Social networking also offers educators an excellent platform to forge their own professional identity by sharing with other colleagues and debating ideas, allowing them to extend their professional relationships. Social networking sites may provide helpful information to educators and help them deal with certain situations better. Students may also feel more comfortable

approaching teacher educators who are present and friendly or who interact casually with them on Facebook, WhatsApp and ResearchGate; it gives students the encouragement they need.

 

2.1 The concept of social media

social media are technologies that facilitate social interactions, make possible collaboration, and enable deliberations across stakeholders (1). The term generally refers to Internet-based tools that allow individuals and communities to gather and communicate; to share information, ideas, personal messages, images, and other content; and, in some cases, to collaborate with other users in real time (2). It is “a group of Internet-based applications that build on the ideological and technological foundations of Web 2.0 that allows the creation and exchange of user generated content” (3). From these definitions, it can be deduced that social media is a web-based application that allows interaction and collaboration of its users to create and share generated contents. It is a platform that can assist nursing faculty in helping students to gain greater understanding of and/or skills in professional communication; health policy; patient privacy and ethics; and writing competencies (11).

The demand of today’s learning environment entails that an educator should not just focus at the course material alone but on the positive impact of social media integration in the teaching and learning process. This is essential because; students are immersed with the emerging technology in performing their daily academic activities. As such, many of today’s students are “digital natives,” and are very comfortable with the various forms of technology and for students, it opens educational possibilities that often times meet or exceed those found in a classroom setting (4). The use of social media in learning environments increases student engagement, builds communication skills among students and faculty, and assists the students in building a professional profile (5). It can create connections and interactions among peers, which can enhance the college integration and learning experience (6). The value of social networking sites facilitates the development of cognitive abilities (7).

However, the implication of social media to students study habits has become a subject of attention, especially now that its utilization is prevalent. Therefore, study habits are learning procedures that enable students to work independently and perform well in academics. It is a vital learning approach that enables students to become successful in a chosen profession , without taking cognizance of the impact of social media on study habits which is an essential vehicle to academic performance. Based on Nigeria context, there are limited studies on the effect of use of social media on study habits of students (8), therefore, there are no study that intends to focus on nursing students. Nevertheless, nursing is a profession that involves transferring of information to the patients and improving public health (9). Thus, nursing students are expected to use social media to keep up-to-date of health information, follow healthcare delivery forums, share information and collaborate with friends etc. However, in order to practice high quality health care delivery, ‘students’ need to continuously update their knowledge and unearth the information they need, so as to integrate the best practice in handling and making health care decisions and services (10). However, social media as a pedagogy needs a clear purpose; an orientation; technology support; a timeframe appropriate to the course; and flexibility on the part of faculty and student (11)

2.2 Positive effects of social media on students’ academic life

Students’ academic life has moved to a different dimension since the introduction of these social media networks and several studies have affirmed that social media plays an important role on students in higher education including the study conducted by (18) (19). In their study, they recognized four (4) major advantages of social media usage by students in higher education which included; enhancing relationship, improving learning motivation, offering personalized course material, and developing collaborative abilities. Indeed, social media has contributed greatly to facilitating learning in the 21st century. It is shown that a greater percentage of students including those at the PhD level commonly use social media to ameliorate their studies (20).

2.3 Negative effects of social media on students’ academic life

enumerated some of the risks associated with social media which included criminal activities such as identity theft and fake contacts which is prevalent today, sexual abuse or harassment and unsuitable advertising(21). On the same subject (22), also mentioned cyberbullying, online harassment, sexting, face book depression, and privacy concerns as some of the challenges associated with social networking.

3.1 Methodology

The search is determined by the following parameters:

1 Human Limits The research was limited to a sample of second, third and fourth stage students at the College of Nursing, Basra University, Basra Governorate.

2 Spatial boundaries: This research was applied in the College of Nursing.

3 Time limits: This research was implemented in the February 2024 to April 2024.academic year

4 Objective limits: In the College of Nursing, University of Basra The effect of using social media on the academic performance of nursing college students .

3.2 Design of the study:

A descriptive cross-sectional research design was utilized to achieve the aim of the current study.

3.3 Sample of the Study

Random sampling technique was adopted to select the sample for the present study. The researcher decided to collect data from Students, 200 Students were the sample for this study.

3.4 Setting of the Study :

The study was conducted at University of Basrah Bab Al-Zubair College Comps.

 

N= age distribution

Table (4.1). Demographic data of study sample

Demographic variables

Variables classes

 

F

%

Age

20 years

54

27%

21 years

48

24%

22 years

36

18%

23 years

62

31%

Total

200

100%

Study type

Morning study

118

59%

Evening study

82

41%

Total

200

100%

Stage

Second

65

32.5%

Third

55

27.5%

Forth

80

40%

Total

200

100%

Sex

Male

66

33%

Female

134

67%

Total

200

100%

Marital status

Single

165

82.5%

Married

35

17.5%

total

200

100%

Table (4-1) Shows the percentage of students’ ages in the study, and age represents the extent of their culture and behavior. The percentage of students’ ages ranged from 20 years to 23 years, which are the second, third, and fourth year stages The table also shows the number of morning students, which were 118 male and female students, and their percentage was 59%. The number of evening students, which was 82 male and female students, and their percentage was 41%. The table shows the ratio of females to males, and the male percentage was 33%, and the female percentage was 67%. The table shows the percentage of married people, and their percentage was 17.5. % compared to the percentage of unmarried people: 82.5%

Table (4-2) The effect of using social media on the academic performance of nursing college students

Questions

YES

%

NO

%

IDN

%

MS

1

190

95

0

0

10

5

2.95

2

149

74.5

18

9

33

16.5

2.655

3

141

70.5

14

7

45

22.5

2.735

4

162

81

13

6.5

25

12.5

2.745

5

108

54

37

18.5

55

27.5

2.355

6

70

35

77

38.5

53

26.5

2.28

7

54

27

101

50.5

45

22.5

1.515

8

100

50

61

30.5

39

19.5

2.195

9

131

65.5

34

17

35

17.5

2.485

10

17

8.5

175

87.5

8

4

1.195

11

134

67

47

23.5

19

9.5

2.435

12

147

73.5

19

9.5

34

17

2.64

13

166

83

14

7

20

10

2.76

14

140

70

32

16

28

14

2.91

15

82

41

74

37

44

22

2.04

16

136

68

40

20

24

12

2.48

17

70

35

72

36

58

29

1.99

18

20

10

174

87

6

3

1.23

19

114

57

64

32

22

11

2.25

20

170

85

8

4

22

11

2.81

Total

              

The table (4-2) The table shows the percentages of yes or no answers. The number of social media users reached 195 male and female students, which is a high percentage. The percentage of students who do not use the communication platform is 5 male and female students. Also, the students’ answers were about using social communication to raise the scientific and cultural level, their percentage was 74.5, the percentage of answers was no, their percentage was 9, and the percentage of I don’t know was 16.5, and by this I mean the students, and the percentage was positive about using communication to raise their cultural level. I also found that social media has a role in developing skills, and their percentage was 74.5, and the percentage of answers was “no” 9, and the percentage of answers “somewhat” was 16.5. This means that it has a major role in development. I found that when I asked the students whether life would be boring without social networking sites, the answers were 54, “yes,” 18.5, and “somewhat,” and also when They were asked about the difficulty of stopping social networking sites, and the answers were yes 35, no 38.5, and somewhat 26.5. I found that social networking sites caused a deterioration in the psychological state at 27, no at 50.5, and somewhat at 22.5. This is an effective result. I also noticed that the educational level improved at 50 and no, 30.5 and somewhat. It is not at 19.5, which means that it has an important role in development

Also, when asked whether websites give you new skills, the answer was very good among people: yes, 65.5, no, 17, and somewhat, 17.5. When also asking them, we found that social media sites increase financial income by 8.5, no, by 87.5, and somewhat, by 8.4, and this is a fairly good percentage.

People were using social networking sites in their work with a percentage of yes, 67, no, 23.5, and somewhat, 9.5. Here I find that social networking sites have a major role in work.

We also found that among people who close social media sites and find interest in them, a rate of 73.5, both at a percentage of 9.5, and somewhat at a rate of 17, and I noticed that this is not a good percentage because this is an addiction. Also, when asked whether their family members use social media a lot, I found a very large percentage who use 83, and both at a rate of 7, and I found And somewhat, by a percentage of 10. I also found that social media changes the lifestyle of 70%, no, 16, and somewhat, 14. When they were also asked about your family members, do they complain about you when you use social networking sites a lot? I found the answers to be yes, 41, no, 37, and somewhat, 22. This answer is somewhat harmful to families. When they were also asked: Have the social networking sites caused you physical and health harm, the answers were 68: yes, 20, and to some extent, 12. Unfortunately, we are not good at using them, but in the most optimal way. I also found people who feel even annoyed when someone interrupts them while they use social networking sites, with a percentage of 35, no, 36, and somewhat, 29. This is not permissible because when he interrupts you. Someone while you are using the sites may need you for something necessary

I asked them about using social networking sites while driving, and there were 10 yes, 87 no, and 3 somewhat. This is also an indication that there are people who use websites while driving, and this could cause accidents for them. I also found that they used the Internet in periods of 1-4 hours, 57%, and from 4-8 hours, with a percentage of 32, and from 8-__12, with a percentage of 11. I found that less than half are addicted to Social networking sites, and when asked about their favorite program, Instagram received a large percentage of 85, Facebook 2, Twitter 2, and the other programs 11. This is evidence that Instagram is popular among people.

5.1 Discussion: Through previous studies, the results were revealed the results showed that the effect of using social media on the academic performance of nursing college students Results indicate positive relationships between two Facebook variables—the number of Facebook Friends students have at the college and their engagement in collaborative behaviors with classmates through the site—and measures of social support and social adjustment, as well as a positive relationship between social adjustment and persistence at the university [6 ]. However, it has also broadened the scope of consideration for protecting student privacy. This article explores the legal impact of privacy concerns when social media is used as a teaching tool. Institutions of higher learning must formulate guidelines that will govern appropriate social media use so that novel teaching modalities can be safely explored. Students must be educated by faculty regarding the standards of conduct and privacy considerations related to social media. The National Council of State Boards of Nursing has issued the White Paper: A Nurse’s Guide to the Use of Social Media, a must-read for nursing faculty in the current academic [2]. Findings from variables investigated showed that at p<0.5, social media usage had a significant impact on the study habits of students of Alvan Ikoku Federal College of Education, Owerri. This indicated the need for stakeholders in the community to employ counselling and other proactive measures to ensure that students maintained proper focus on their primary assignment for schooling (8)

Through discussion of the results, it was found that the samples, which numbered 200 male and female students,

The results indicate that there are positive relationships between two variables in social communication – the number of social networking friends students have in college and the extent to which they engage in cooperative behaviors with classmates through the site – and measures of social support and social adaptation, as well as the existence of a positive relationship between students at the academic level. Persevere in university.

6.1 Conclusion

Through the results of our study, the use of social media shows its positive impact in order to raise the academic level among them, the ease of communication and acquaintance between individuals from different societies despite the distance, and the person’s expression of himself and his desires, interests, ideas, and ambitions, in addition to the rapid circulation of information and events at the same time across the world. Therefore, a person must establish strict and strict rules to reduce the amount of time spent on social media sites. It is helpful to set a time

Periods in which a person is absent from all means of media and communication, which creates periods of “fasting” and he must find something to occupy himself and his life, and this is extremely important.

True commitment to great relationships must be prioritized, which is an important component of therapy, and it won’t happen without spending time with them.

About your page. Make sure that this is a great opportunity to learn about other useful sites, as there are educational sites open. You must exercise

1. All students must set strict and strict rules to reduce the amount of time spent on social media sites.

2. Time periods must be set for the student to stay away from all media and communications, creating “fasting” periods.

3. Doing other activities, such as sports and reading, to occupy themselves and their lives, and this is a very important element in treatment.

4. Prioritize real life as a commitment to friends with great relationships, without which spending time with them wouldn’t happen.

6.2 Recommendations:

1 Conducting experimental studies to prepare positive social behavior for young students in using social networking sites

2 Urging researchers in the educational field to conduct more similar studies to raise cultural awareness and spread cultural awareness

3 The necessity of holding cultural seminars for students, the purpose of which is to develop, employ, and use social networking sites to serve community issues.

4 Taking advantage of social networking sites in the educational aspect by creating educational and pedagogical pages with students, knowing their opinions on scientific issues, and publishing their work and creativity.

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